Gabatarwa
Ƙirƙirar wutar lantarki ta biomass ita ce mafi girma kuma mafi girma fasahar amfani da makamashi na zamani.Kasar Sin tana da arzikin albarkatun halittu,
da suka hada da sharar noma, sharar gandun daji, taki na dabbobi, sharar gida na birni, ruwan sharar ruwa da sauran sharar gida.Jimlar
Adadin albarkatun biomass da za a iya amfani da su azaman makamashi a kowace shekara ya yi daidai da kusan tan miliyan 460 na daidaitaccen gawayi.A cikin 2019, da
ikon samar da wutar lantarki na duniya ya karu daga kilowatt miliyan 131 a cikin 2018 zuwa kusan kilowatt miliyan 139, karuwa.
kusan 6%.Yawan wutar lantarki na shekara-shekara ya karu daga 546 kWh a cikin 2018 zuwa biliyan 591 kWh a cikin 2019, karuwar kusan 9%,
musamman a cikin EU da Asiya, musamman Sin.Shirin na shekaru biyar na kasar Sin na bunkasa makamashin halittu karo na 13 ya ba da shawarar cewa nan da shekarar 2020, adadin
ikon samar da wutar lantarki ya kamata ya kai kilowatt miliyan 15, kuma samar da wutar lantarki na shekara ya kamata ya kai biliyan 90.
kilowatt hours.Ya zuwa karshen shekarar 2019, karfin samar da wutar lantarki na kasar Sin ya karu daga kilowatt miliyan 17.8 a shekarar 2018 zuwa
Kilowatts miliyan 22.54, tare da samar da wutar lantarki na shekara-shekara ya wuce sa'o'in kilowatt biliyan 111, wanda ya zarce burin shirin shekaru biyar na 13.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an mai da hankali kan karuwar karfin samar da wutar lantarki na kasar Sin, shi ne yin amfani da sharar amfanin gona da gandun daji da dattin dattin birane.
a cikin tsarin haɗin gwiwa don samar da wutar lantarki da zafi ga yankunan birane.
Ci gaban bincike na baya-bayan nan na fasahar samar da wutar lantarki ta biomass
Samar da wutar lantarki ta Biomass ya samo asali ne a cikin 1970s.Bayan rikicin makamashin duniya ya barke, Denmark da sauran kasashen yammacin duniya sun fara
amfani da makamashin biomass kamar bambaro don samar da wutar lantarki.Tun daga shekarun 1990, fasahar samar da wutar lantarki ta biomass ta sami ƙwarin gwiwa
kuma ya nema a Turai da Amurka.Daga cikin su, Denmark ta sami mafi girman nasarori a cikin ci gaban
samar da wutar lantarki na biomass.Tun lokacin da aka gina tashar wutar lantarki ta bambaro ta farko kuma aka fara aiki a 1988, Denmark ta ƙirƙira
sama da kamfanonin samar da wutar lantarki 100 ya zuwa yanzu, inda suka zama ma’auni na ci gaban samar da wutar lantarki a duniya.Bugu da kari,
Kasashen kudu maso gabashin Asiya sun kuma samu dan ci gaba wajen kona kwayoyin halitta kai tsaye ta hanyar amfani da buhun shinkafa da buhu da sauran kayan masarufi.
An fara samar da wutar lantarki ta biomass na kasar Sin a shekarun 1990.Bayan shiga karni na 21, tare da gabatar da manufofin kasa don tallafawa
ci gaban samar da wutar lantarki na biomass, adadin da kason makamashi na tashoshin wutar lantarki na biomass suna karuwa kowace shekara.A cikin mahallin
canjin yanayi da buƙatun rage fitar da iskar CO2, samar da wutar lantarki na biomass na iya rage yawan iskar CO2 da sauran gurɓataccen iska,
har ma da samun isassun iskar CO2, don haka ya zama muhimmin sashi na binciken masu bincike a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.
Bisa ka'idar aiki, fasahar samar da wutar lantarki na biomass za a iya raba zuwa kashi uku: samar da wutar lantarki kai tsaye
fasaha, fasahar samar da wutar lantarki na gasification da fasahar samar da wutar lantarki mai haɗawa.
A bisa ka'ida, samar da wutar lantarki na konewa kai tsaye na biomass yayi kama da na'urar wutar lantarki ta wutar lantarki mai karfin kwal, wato man biomass.
(sharar noma, sharar gandun daji, sharar gida na birni, da sauransu) ana aika shi cikin tukunyar tururi mai dacewa da konewar halittu, da sinadarai
makamashi a cikin man biomass yana juyewa zuwa makamashin ciki na zafi mai zafi da tururi mai tsananin ƙarfi ta amfani da konewar zafin jiki mai zafi.
tsari, kuma ana canza shi zuwa makamashin injina ta hanyar zagayowar wutar tururi, A ƙarshe, ƙarfin injin yana canzawa zuwa lantarki
makamashi ta hanyar janareta.
Biomass gasification don samar da wutar lantarki ya ƙunshi matakai masu zuwa: (1) iskar gas ɗin biomass, pyrolysis da gasification na biomass bayan murkushe,
bushewa da sauran maganin da aka rigaya a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafin jiki don samar da iskar gas mai ɗauke da abubuwa masu ƙonewa kamar CO, CH4kuma
H 2;(2) Tsabtace Gas: Gas mai ƙonewa da aka samu yayin iskar gas ana shigar da shi cikin tsarin tsarkakewa don cire ƙazanta kamar toka,
coke da kwalta, don biyan buƙatun shigar da kayan aikin samar da wutar lantarki a ƙasa;(3) Ana amfani da konewar iskar gas don samar da wutar lantarki.
Ana shigar da iskar gas ɗin da aka tsarkake a cikin injin turbin gas ko injin konewa na ciki don konewa da samar da wutar lantarki, ko kuma ana iya shigar da shi.
a cikin tukunyar jirgi don konewa, kuma ana amfani da tururi mai zafi da matsa lamba don fitar da injin tururi don samar da wutar lantarki.
Saboda tarwatsa albarkatun biomass, ƙarancin ƙarfin kuzari da wahalar tattarawa da sufuri, ƙonewar biomass kai tsaye don samar da wutar lantarki
yana da babban dogaro ga dorewa da tattalin arzikin samar da man fetur, wanda ke haifar da tsadar samar da wutar lantarki ta biomass.Biomass biyu iko
Ƙirƙirar hanya ce ta samar da wutar lantarki da ke amfani da man biomass don maye gurbin wasu man fetur (yawanci kwal) don konewa.Yana inganta sassauci
na biomass man fetur kuma yana rage yawan amfani da gawayi, sanin CO2rage fitar da wutar lantarkin da ake kora da gawayi.A halin yanzu, biomass sun haɗu
Fasahar samar da wutar lantarki galibi sun haɗa da: haɗaɗɗen konewa kai tsaye haɗe da fasahar samar da wutar lantarki, haɗaɗɗen konewa kai tsaye
fasahar kere-kere da fasahar samar da wutar lantarki ta tururi.
1. Biomass kai tsaye fasahar samar da wutar lantarki
Dangane da na'urorin janareta na biomass na yanzu, bisa ga nau'ikan tanderun da aka fi amfani da su a aikin injiniya, galibi ana iya raba su.
a cikin fasahar konewa mai ɗorewa da fasahar konewa ta ruwa [2].
Ƙunƙarar konewa yana nufin cewa ana isar da mai zuwa ga kafaffen ko na hannu, kuma ana shigar da iska daga ƙasan grate ɗin don gudanar da shi.
konewa dauki ta man fetur Layer.Wakilin fasaha na konewa mai launi shine ƙaddamar da raƙuman girgiza mai sanyaya ruwa
fasahar da Kamfanin BWE ya ƙera a Denmark, kuma cibiyar samar da wutar lantarki ta farko a China - Kamfanin wutar lantarki na Shanxian a lardin Shandong ya kasance.
gina a 2006. Saboda da low ash abun ciki da kuma high konewa na biomass man fetur, grate faranti suna da sauƙi lalacewa saboda overheating da kuma
rashin kyau sanyaya.Mafi mahimmancin siffa mai sanyaya ruwa mai girgiza grate shine tsarinsa na musamman da yanayin sanyaya, wanda ke magance matsalar grate.
zafi fiye da kima.Tare da gabatarwa da haɓaka fasahar girgizar ruwa mai sanyaya ruwa ta Danish, yawancin kamfanoni na cikin gida sun ƙaddamar da su
fasahar konewa biomass tare da haƙƙin mallakar fasaha mai zaman kansa ta hanyar koyo da narkewa, wanda aka sanya shi cikin babban sikelin.
aiki.Wakilai masana'antun sun hada da Shanghai Sifang Boiler Factory, Wuxi Huaguang Boiler Co., Ltd., da dai sauransu.
A matsayin fasaha na konewa da ke tattare da ruwa mai ƙarfi na barbashi mai ƙarfi, fasahar konewar gado mai ruwa yana da fa'idodi da yawa akan gado.
fasahar konewa a cikin kona biomass.Da farko dai, akwai kayan gado da yawa na inert a cikin gado mai ruwa, wanda ke da ƙarfin zafi da zafi
mai karfidaidaitawa ga man biomass tare da babban abun ciki na ruwa;Abu na biyu, ingantaccen zafi da kuma canja wurin taro na gauraya mai ƙarfi a cikin ruwa
gado ya taimakaman biomass da za a yi zafi da sauri bayan shigar da tanderun.A lokaci guda, kayan gado tare da ƙarfin zafi mai zafi na iya
kula da tanderunzafin jiki, tabbatar da kwanciyar hankalin konewa lokacin kona man fetur mai ƙarancin calorific, kuma yana da wasu fa'idodi.
a naúrar load daidaitawa.Tare da tallafin shirin tallafin kimiyya da fasaha na ƙasa, Jami'ar Tsinghua ta haɓaka "Biomass
Tufafin Gada Mai Ruwa Mai YawoFasaha tare da High Steam Parameters", kuma ya sami nasarar haɓaka mafi girma mafi girma na 125 MW a duniya
matsa lamba da zarar sake zafi biomass circulatingtukunyar tukunyar jirgi mai ruwa tare da wannan fasaha, kuma farkon 130 t/h babban zafin jiki da matsa lamba
mai zagawa ruwa tukunyar tukunyar jirgi mai kona bambaro masara zalla.
Saboda yawan sinadarin alkali da sinadarin chlorine na biomass, musamman sharar gonakin noma, ana samun matsaloli kamar su toka, daskarewa.
da lalataa cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi a lokacin aikin konewa.Siffofin tururi na biomass boilers a gida da waje
yawanci matsakaita nezafin jiki da matsakaicin matsa lamba, kuma ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki ba shi da yawa.Tattalin arzikin biomass Layer kai tsaye ya kori
samar da wutar lantarki takuraci gabanta lafiya.
2. Biomass gasification fasahar samar da wutar lantarki
Biomass gas na samar da wutar lantarki yana amfani da injin gas na musamman don canza sharar halittu, gami da itace, bambaro, bambaro, bagasse, da sauransu,
cikiniskar gas mai ƙonewa.Ana aikawa da iskar gas mai ƙonewa zuwa injin turbin gas ko injunan ƙonewa na ciki don samar da wutar lantarki bayan ƙura
cirewa dakawar da coke da sauran hanyoyin tsarkakewa [3].A halin yanzu, ana iya raba na'urorin gasification da aka saba amfani da su zuwa madaidaiciyar gado
gasifiers, ruwagasifiers na gado da masu shigar da iskar gas.A cikin ƙayyadadden gasifier na gado, gadon kayan abu yana da inganci, kuma bushewa, pyrolysis,
oxidation, raguwada sauran halayen za a kammala su a jere, kuma a ƙarshe za su koma gas ɗin roba.Dangane da bambancin kwarara
shugabanci tsakanin gasifierda kuma gas da kuma roba mai tushe, ajiyayyen gado mai yawa suna da nau'ikan guda uku: tsotsa sama (counterarfin gudu), tsotsa ƙasa (gaba
kwarara) da tsotsa a kwancegasifiers.Gasifier ɗin gado mai ruwa ya ƙunshi ɗakin gasification da mai rarraba iska.Wakilin gasifying shine
uniformly ciyar a cikin gasifierta hanyar mai rarraba iska.Dangane da halaye daban-daban na iskar gas mai ƙarfi, ana iya raba shi cikin kumfa
gasifier gado mai ruwa da zagayawagasifier gado mai ruwa.Wakilin gasification (oxygen, tururi, da dai sauransu) a cikin gadon da aka shigar da shi yana haifar da biomass
barbashi kuma ana fesa a cikin tanderunta bututun ƙarfe.An tarwatsa ɓangarorin mai masu kyau kuma an dakatar da su a cikin kwararar iskar gas mai sauri.Ƙarƙashin girma
zazzabi, lafiya barbashi man fetur amsa da sauri bayantuntuɓar oxygen, sakin zafi mai yawa.Ƙaƙƙarfan ɓangarorin suna nan take pyrolyzed da gas
don samar da roba gas da slag.Domin gyarawa da sabuntawaGas ɗin gado, abun cikin kwalta a cikin iskar gas yana da yawa.Gyaran gas ɗin gado na ƙasa
yana da tsari mai sauƙi, abinci mai dacewa da aiki mai kyau.
Ƙarƙashin zafin jiki, kwalta da aka samar za a iya fashe shi cikin iskar gas mai ƙonewa, amma zafin fitar da gas ɗin yana da girma.Ruwan da aka yi
gadogasifier yana da abũbuwan amfãni na gaggawa gasification dauki, uniform iskar gas-m lamba a cikin tanderun da akai zazzabi dauki, amma ta
kayan aikitsari yana da rikitarwa, abun cikin toka a cikin iskar gas yana da girma, kuma ana buƙatar tsarin tsarkakewa na ƙasa.The
iskar gasifier kwararayana da manyan buƙatu don pretreatment na kayan kuma dole ne a niƙa shi cikin ƙananan barbashi don tabbatar da cewa kayan zasu iya
amsa gaba daya cikin kankanin lokacilokacin zama.
Lokacin da ma'aunin wutar lantarki na biomass gasification yana da ƙananan, tattalin arziki yana da kyau, farashin yana da ƙananan, kuma ya dace da nesa da kuma warwatse.
yankunan karkara,wanda ke da matukar muhimmanci wajen kara samar da makamashin kasar Sin.Babban matsalar da za a magance ita ce kwalta da ke samar da biomass
gasification.Lokacin daiskar gas da aka samar a cikin tsarin iskar gas yana sanyaya, zai samar da kwalta mai ruwa, wanda zai toshe bututun kuma yana shafar
aiki na al'ada na wutar lantarkitsara kayan aiki.
3. Fasahar samar da wutar lantarki ta biomass
Kudin man fetur na tsantsar ƙonewa na sharar gonaki da gandun daji don samar da wutar lantarki shine babbar matsalar da ke taƙaita wutar lantarki ta biomass.
tsaramasana'antu.Naúrar samar da wutar lantarki ta biomass kai tsaye yana da ƙananan iya aiki, ƙananan sigogi da ƙarancin tattalin arziki, wanda kuma ya iyakance
amfani da biomass.Biomass haɗe-haɗe da konewar mai da yawa hanya ce ta rage farashi.A halin yanzu, hanya mafi inganci don ragewa
farashin man fetur ya kasance biomass da kwal-koresamar da wutar lantarki.A cikin 2016, ƙasar ta ba da Ra'ayoyin Jagora game da Inganta Korar Kwal da Biomass.
Haɗaɗɗen Ƙarfin Ƙarfafawa, wanda sosaiya inganta bincike da haɓaka fasahar samar da wutar lantarki ta biomass.A cikin kwanan nan
shekaru, yadda ya dace na samar da wutar lantarki na biomass yana daan inganta sosai ta hanyar sauyin masana'antar wutar lantarki da ake amfani da ita,
amfani da kwal hade da biomass ikon samar da wutar lantarki, dafa'idodin fasaha na manyan sassan samar da wutar lantarki na kwal a cikin babban inganci
da ƙarancin ƙazanta.Ana iya raba hanyar fasaha zuwa rukuni uku:
(1) haɗaɗɗen konewa kai tsaye bayan murƙushewa / tarwatsewa, gami da nau'ikan konewar haɗin gwiwa guda uku na niƙa ɗaya tare da mai ƙonewa iri ɗaya, daban-daban.
niƙa damai ƙonawa iri ɗaya, da injina daban-daban masu ƙonewa daban-daban;(2) Haɗaɗɗen konewa kai tsaye bayan gasification, biomass yana haifar da
gas mai ƙonewa ta hanyartsarin gasification sannan ya shiga cikin tanderun don konewa;(3) Haɗin kai bayan konewar kwayoyin halitta na musamman
tukunyar jirgi.Haɗaɗɗen konewa kai tsaye yanayin amfani ne wanda za'a iya aiwatar dashi akan babban sikeli, tare da babban farashi mai tsada da gajeriyar saka hannun jari.
sake zagayowar.Lokacin dahada biyu rabo ba high, da man fetur sarrafa, ajiya, ajiya, kwarara uniformity da kuma tasiri a kan tukunyar jirgi aminci da tattalin arziki.
sanadin kona biomassan warware su ta hanyar fasaha ko sarrafawa.Fasahar hada-hadar konewa kaikaice tana maganin kwayoyin halitta da kwal
dabam, wanda shi ne sosai adaptable zuwanau'ikan biomass, yana cinye ƙasan biomass kowace naúrar samar da wutar lantarki, kuma yana adana mai.Yana iya warware matsalar
matsaloli na alkali karfe lalata da tukunyar jirgi coking atsarin konewa kai tsaye na biomass zuwa wani yanki, amma aikin yana da rauni
scalability kuma bai dace da manyan tukunyar jirgi ba.A kasashen waje,Ana amfani da yanayin haɗa haɗin kai kai tsaye.Kamar yadda kaikaice
Yanayin konewa ya fi abin dogaro, wutar lantarki da ke haɗa wutar lantarki kai tsayedangane da zazzagewar iskar gas ɗin gado a halin yanzu
babbar fasaha don aikace-aikacen samar da wutar lantarki na biomass a China.A cikin 2018,Datang Changshan Power Plant, kasar
na farko 660MW supercritical na'urar samar da wutar lantarki tare da samar da wutar lantarki mai karfin 20MWaikin nunawa, an cimma a
cikakken nasara.Aikin yana ɗaukar iskar gas ɗin gaz ɗin da aka haɓaka mai zaman kansasamar da wutar lantarki
Tsarin, wanda ke cinye kusan tan 100000 na bambaro na biomass kowace shekara, yana samun sa'o'in kilowatt miliyan 110 na samar da wutar lantarki,
yana adana kusan tan 40000 na daidaitaccen gawayi, kuma yana rage kusan tan 140000 na CO2.
Bincike da hasashen ci gaban fasahar samar da wutar lantarki ta biomass
Tare da ingantuwar tsarin rage fitar da iskar Carbon na kasar Sin, da kasuwar ciniki ta carbon, da kuma ci gaba da aiwatar da shi
na manufar tallafawa samar da wutar lantarki mai amfani da kwal guda biyu, fasahar samar da wutar lantarki ta biomass na samar da da kyau.
damar ci gaba.Magance sharar gonaki da gandun daji da sharar gida na birni ya kasance ginshikin rashin lahani
Matsalolin muhalli na birane da karkara da kananan hukumomi ke bukatar magance cikin gaggawa.Yanzu haƙƙin tsarawa na ayyukan samar da wutar lantarki na biomass
an mika wa kananan hukumomi.Kananan hukumomi za su iya haɗa ɓangarorin noma da gandun daji da sharar gida a cikin birni tare don aiwatarwa
shirye-shiryen inganta sharar haɗin gwiwar ayyukan samar da wutar lantarki.
Baya ga fasahar konewa, mabuɗin ci gaba da haɓaka masana'antar samar da wutar lantarki ta biomass shine ci gaba mai zaman kansa,
balaga da haɓaka tsarin tallafi na tallafi, kamar tarin mai, murkushewa, tantancewa da tsarin ciyarwa.A lokaci guda,
haɓaka fasahar sarrafa man biomass na ci gaba da haɓaka daidaitawar kayan aiki guda ɗaya zuwa makamashin biomass da yawa sune tushen.
don gane ƙananan farashi mai girma na aikace-aikacen fasahar samar da wutar lantarki na biomass a nan gaba.
1. Coal kora naúrar biomass kai tsaye hada biyu kone ikon samar
Ƙarfin na'urorin samar da wutar lantarki na biomass kai tsaye kaɗan ne (≤ 50MW), kuma daidaitattun sigogin tururi na tukunyar jirgi shima ƙasa ne.
gabaɗaya madaidaicin matsa lamba ko ƙasa.Don haka, ingantaccen aikin samar da wutar lantarki na ayyukan samar da wutar lantarki na konawa gabaɗaya
bai fi 30% ba.Canjin fasahar hada-hadar konewa ta biomass kai tsaye akan raka'a mai karfin 300MW ko 600MW da sama
Ƙaƙƙarfan raka'a ko matsananci supercritical raka'a na iya inganta ingantaccen ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki zuwa 40% ko ma sama da haka.Bugu da ƙari, ci gaba da aiki
Rukunin aikin samar da wutar lantarki na biomass kai tsaye ya dogara ne kacokan akan samar da man biomass, yayin da aikin biomass hade da kwal.
Ƙungiyoyin samar da wutar lantarki ba su dogara da samar da kwayoyin halitta ba.Wannan yanayin konewa gauraye yana sa kasuwar tarin halittu ta samar da wutar lantarki
kamfanoni suna da ƙarfin ciniki mai ƙarfi.Fasahar samar da wutar lantarki ta biomass tana kuma iya amfani da na'urori masu dumama, injin tururi da
tsarin taimako na masana'antar wutar lantarki ta kwal.Sabon tsarin sarrafa mai kawai ake buƙata don yin wasu canje-canje ga konewar tukunyar jirgi
tsarin, don haka zuba jari na farko ya ragu.Matakan da ke sama za su inganta ribar kamfanonin samar da wutar lantarki da rage yawan riba
dogaro da su ga tallafin kasa.Dangane da fitar da gurɓataccen iska, ƙa'idodin kare muhalli wanda biomass kai tsaye ya harba
Ayyukan samar da wutar lantarki ba su da sauƙi, kuma iyakokin hayaki, SO2 da NOx sune 20, 50 da 200 mg/Nm3.Biomass hade
Ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya dogara da ainihin raka'o'in wutar lantarki da aka kora da gawayi kuma yana aiwatar da ƙa'idodi masu ƙarancin ƙazanta.Iyakar fitarwa na soot, SO2
kuma NOx sune 10, 35 da 50mg/Nm3.Idan aka kwatanta da samar da wutar lantarki kai tsaye na biomass na ma'auni iri ɗaya, hayaƙin hayaki, SO2
kuma an rage NOx da 50%, 30% da 75% bi da bi, tare da fa'idodin zamantakewa da muhalli masu mahimmanci.
A halin yanzu ana iya taƙaita hanyar fasaha don manyan tukunyar jirgi mai wuta don aiwatar da canjin yanayin samar da wutar lantarki kai tsaye.
a matsayin barbashi na biomass – biomass Mills – tsarin rarraba bututun – bututun kwal da aka nitse.Ko da yake na yanzu biomass kai tsaye tare da konewa
fasaha yana da lahani na ma'auni mai wuyar gaske, fasahar samar da wutar lantarki kai tsaye za ta zama babbar hanyar ci gaba
na samar da wutar lantarki na biomass bayan warware wannan matsala, Zai iya gane haɗakar konewar biomass a kowane rabo a cikin manyan ma'ajin kwal, da
yana da halaye na balaga, aminci da aminci.An yi amfani da wannan fasaha sosai a duniya, tare da fasahar samar da wutar lantarki ta biomass
na 15%, 40% ko ma kashi 100% na haɗin haɗin gwiwa.Ana iya aiwatar da aikin a cikin raka'a mai mahimmanci kuma a hankali fadada don cimma burin CO2 mai zurfi
rage fitar da sigar matsananci supercritical+biomass haɗe-haɗe konewa+duma na gundumar.
2. Biomass man fetur pretreatment da goyon bayan tsarin taimako
Man biomass yana da babban abun ciki na ruwa, babban abun ciki na oxygen, ƙarancin kuzari da ƙarancin calorific, wanda ke iyakance amfani dashi azaman mai
mummunan tasiri ga ingantaccen canjin thermochemical.Da farko, da albarkatun kasa sun ƙunshi ƙarin ruwa, wanda zai jinkirta da pyrolysis dauki.
lalata kwanciyar hankali na samfuran pyrolysis, rage kwanciyar hankali na kayan aikin tukunyar jirgi, da haɓaka tsarin amfani da makamashi.Don haka,
Wajibi ne a pretreat biomass man fetur kafin aikace-aikace thermochemical.
Fasahar sarrafa densification na biomass na iya rage haɓakar sufuri da farashin ajiya wanda ya haifar da ƙarancin kuzarin biomass
man fetur.Idan aka kwatanta da fasahar bushewa, yin burodin man biomass a cikin yanayi mara kyau kuma a wani yanayin zafi na iya sakin ruwa da wasu maras nauyi.
kwayoyin halitta a cikin biomass, inganta halayen man fetur na biomass, rage O/C da O/H.Biomass ɗin da aka gasa yana nuna rashin ƙarfi kuma yana da sauƙin zama
niƙasa a cikin lafiya barbashi.Ana ƙara yawan ƙarfin kuzari, wanda ke da amfani don haɓaka juzu'i da ingantaccen amfani da biomass.
Crushing shine muhimmin tsari na farko don juyar da makamashin halittu da amfani.Don biomass briquette, rage girman barbashi na iya
ƙara ƙayyadaddun yanki na musamman da mannewa tsakanin barbashi yayin matsawa.Idan girman barbashi ya yi girma, zai shafi yawan dumama
na man fetur har ma da sakin abubuwa masu lalacewa, wanda hakan ya shafi ingancin kayan gasification.A nan gaba, ana iya la'akari da gina wani
masana'antar sarrafa man biomass a ciki ko kusa da tashar wutar lantarki don gasa da murkushe kayan biomass.Shirin "Shirin Shekara Biyar na 13" na kasa shima yana nuni a fili
fitar da cewa za a inganta fasahar biomass m barbashi mai, da kuma shekara-shekara amfani da biomass briquette man zai zama 30 ton miliyan.
Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci mai nisa don yin nazari mai zurfi da zurfi game da fasahar sarrafa man biomass.
Idan aka kwatanta da na'urorin wutar lantarki na al'ada, babban bambanci na samar da wutar lantarki na biomass ya ta'allaka ne a cikin tsarin isar da mai da kuma alaƙa.
fasahar konewa.A halin yanzu, babban kayan aikin konewa na samar da wutar lantarki na biomass a kasar Sin, irin su tukunyar jirgi, sun sami nasarar ganowa.
amma har yanzu akwai wasu matsaloli a cikin tsarin sufuri na biomass.Sharar gida gabaɗaya tana da laushi mai laushi, da kuma amfani a ciki
tsarin samar da wutar lantarki yana da girman gaske.Dole ne tashar wutar lantarki ta shirya tsarin caji bisa ga takamaiman amfani da man fetur.Akwai
akwai nau'ikan mai da yawa, kuma gaurayawan amfani da mai da yawa zai haifar da rashin daidaiton mai da ma toshewa a tsarin ciyarwa, da mai.
yanayin aiki a cikin tukunyar jirgi yana da saurin tashin hankali.Za mu iya yin cikakken amfani da fa'idodin fasahar konewar gado a ciki
daidaitawar man fetur, kuma da farko haɓakawa da haɓaka tsarin nunawa da ciyarwa bisa tushen tukunyar jirgi mai ruwa.
4. Shawarwari akan ƙirƙira mai zaman kanta da haɓaka fasahar samar da wutar lantarki ta biomass
Ba kamar sauran hanyoyin samar da makamashin da ake sabunta su ba, haɓaka fasahar samar da wutar lantarki na biomass zai shafi fa'idodin tattalin arziƙi ne kawai, ba
al'umma.A lokaci guda, samar da wutar lantarki na biomass shima yana buƙatar marasa lahani da rage maganin sharar gona da gandun daji da na gida.
datti.Amfaninta na muhalli da zamantakewa sun fi amfanin makamashinta nesa ba kusa ba.Ko da yake amfanin kawo ta ci gaban biomass
Fasahar samar da wutar lantarki ta cancanci tabbatarwa, wasu mahimman matsalolin fasaha a ayyukan samar da wutar lantarki na biomass ba za su iya zama da kyau ba
an magance shi saboda dalilai kamar rashin ingantattun hanyoyin aunawa da ka'idojin samar da wutar lantarki na biomass, raunin kuɗi na jihar.
tallafin, da kuma karancin ci gaban sabbin fasahohi, wadanda su ne dalilan takaita ci gaban samar da wutar lantarki ta biomass.
fasaha, Saboda haka, ya kamata a dauki matakan da suka dace don inganta ta.
(1) Ko da yake gabatarwar fasaha da ci gaba mai zaman kansa duka biyu ne manyan kwatance don haɓaka ƙarfin halittun cikin gida
masana'antar tsara, ya kamata mu gane a fili cewa idan muna son samun mafita ta ƙarshe, dole ne mu yi ƙoƙari mu ɗauki hanyar ci gaba mai zaman kanta,
sannan kuma a kullum inganta fasahar cikin gida.A wannan mataki, galibi don haɓakawa da haɓaka fasahar samar da wutar lantarki ta biomass, da
ana iya amfani da wasu fasahohin da ke da ingantacciyar tattalin arziki ta kasuwanci;Tare da haɓakawa a hankali da balaga na biomass a matsayin babban makamashi da
Fasahar samar da wutar lantarki ta biomass, biomass zai sami yanayin yin gogayya da mai.
(2) Za'a iya rage farashin gudanarwar zamantakewa ta hanyar rage yawan rukunin samar da wutar lantarki mai kona kayan noma da kuma
yawan kamfanonin samar da wutar lantarki, yayin da ake karfafa sa ido kan ayyukan samar da wutar lantarki.Dangane da man fetur
saye, tabbatar da isassun kayan aiki masu inganci da inganci, da aza harsashi don kwanciyar hankali da ingantaccen aiki na tashar wutar lantarki.
(3) Ƙara haɓaka manufofin harajin fifiko don samar da wutar lantarki, inganta ingantaccen tsarin ta hanyar dogaro da haɗin kai.
canji, ƙarfafawa da goyan bayan gina manyan wuraren sharar gida mai tsaftataccen dumama ayyukan nunin, da iyakance ƙimar
na ayyukan biomass da ke samar da wutar lantarki kawai amma ba zafi ba.
(4) BECCS (Biomass makamashi haɗe da carbon kama da fasahar ajiya) ya ba da shawarar samfurin da ya haɗu da amfani da makamashi na biomass
da kamawa da adana carbon dioxide, tare da fa'idodi biyu na iskar carbon mara kyau da makamashi tsaka tsaki na carbon.BECCS shine dogon lokaci
fasahar rage fitar da iska.A halin yanzu, kasar Sin tana da karancin bincike a wannan fanni.A matsayin babbar ƙasa mai amfani da albarkatu da hayaƙin carbon,
Kamata ya yi kasar Sin ta shigar da BECCS cikin dabarun tunkarar sauyin yanayi, da kara yawan ajiyar fasaha a wannan fanni.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-14-2022