Layukan da ke watsa makamashin lantarki daga masana'antar wutar lantarki zuwa wuraren ɗaukar wutar lantarki da layukan haɗi tsakanin tsarin wutar lantarki gabaɗaya

ake kira layukan sadarwa.Sabbin fasahohin layin sadarwa da muke magana a kai a yau ba sababbi ba ne, kuma ana iya kwatanta su ne kawai da

shafi daga baya fiye da na mu na al'ada Lines.Yawancin waɗannan fasahohin “sabbin” sun balaga kuma ana amfani da su sosai a cikin grid ɗin mu.A yau, na kowa

Hanyoyin watsa labaran fasahar mu da ake kira "sababbin" an taƙaita su kamar haka:

Babban fasahar grid wuta

"Babban wutar lantarki" yana nufin tsarin wutar lantarki mai haɗin kai, tsarin wutar lantarki na haɗin gwiwa ko tsarin wutar lantarki da aka kafa ta hanyar haɗin kai.

na mahallin wutar lantarki na gida da yawa ko grid ɗin wutar lantarki na yanki.Tsarin wutar lantarki mai haɗin haɗin gwiwa haɗin haɗin gwiwa ne na ƙaramin lamba

na wuraren haɗin kai tsakanin tashoshin wutar lantarki na yanki da na ƙasa;Tsarin wutar lantarki da aka haɗa yana da halayen haɗin kai

tsarawa da aikawa bisa ga kwangiloli ko yarjejeniya.Ƙananan tsarin wutar lantarki biyu ko fiye suna haɗe da grid ɗin wuta don a layi daya

aiki, wanda zai iya samar da tsarin wutar lantarki na yanki.Yawancin tsarin wutar lantarki na yanki suna haɗe ta hanyar grid ɗin wuta don samar da wutar lantarki ta haɗin gwiwa

tsarin.Tsarin wutar lantarki da aka haɗa shine tsarin wutar lantarki tare da tsare-tsare guda ɗaya, haɗin gine-gine, aikawa da aiki tare.

Babban grid na wutar lantarki yana da ainihin halaye na matsananci-high irin ƙarfin lantarki da grid watsa wutar lantarki mai girma, babban ƙarfin watsawa.

da kuma watsa nisa mai nisa.Grid ya ƙunshi babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki AC watsa cibiyar sadarwa, ultra-high irin ƙarfin lantarki AC watsa cibiyar sadarwa da

ultra-high irin ƙarfin lantarki AC watsa cibiyar sadarwa, kazalika da matsananci-high irin ƙarfin lantarki DC watsa cibiyar sadarwa da high-voltage DC watsa cibiyar sadarwa,

samar da tsarin wutar lantarki na zamani tare da tsari mai launi, yanki kuma bayyananne.

Iyakar babban babban ƙarfin watsawa da watsa nisa yana da alaƙa da ƙarfin watsawa na halitta da rashin ƙarfi na igiyar ruwa

na layi tare da matakin ƙarfin lantarki daidai.Mafi girman matakin ƙarfin lantarki na layin shine, mafi girman ƙarfin halitta da yake watsawa, ƙarami da kalaman

impedance, mafi nisa watsa nisa da girma da ɗaukar hoto ne.Ƙarfin haɗin kai tsakanin grid ɗin wuta

ko yanki ikon grids ne.Zaman lafiyar dukkan grid ɗin wutar lantarki bayan haɗin kai yana da alaƙa da ikon kowane grid ɗin wutar lantarki don tallafawa kowane

wani kuma idan ya gaza, Wato, mafi girman ƙarfin musayar wutar lantarki tsakanin grid ɗin wutar lantarki ko grid ɗin wutar lantarki na yanki, kusancin haɗin gwiwa,

kuma mafi kwanciyar hankali aikin grid.

Wutar wutar lantarki hanyar sadarwa ce ta watsawa wacce ta ƙunshi tashoshi, tashoshin rarraba, layukan wuta da sauran wuraren samar da wutar lantarki.Tsakanin su,

Layukan watsawa da yawa tare da mafi girman matakin ƙarfin lantarki da ma'auni masu dacewa sun zama grid na watsawa na baya

hanyar sadarwa.Gidan wutar lantarki na yanki yana nufin grid ɗin wutar lantarki na manyan tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki da ke da ƙarfin sarrafa kololuwa, kamar lardin trans shida na kasar Sin.

Wuraren wutar lantarki na yanki, inda kowace tashar wutar lantarki ta yanki ke da manyan tashoshin wutar lantarki da na'urorin samar da wutar lantarki da ofishin grid ke aika kai tsaye.

Karamin fasahar watsa labarai

Asalin ƙa'idar ƙarancin fasahar watsa shirye-shiryen ita ce haɓaka shimfidar tsarin gudanarwa na layin watsawa, rage nisa tsakanin matakai,

kara tazara na masu dandali (sub conductors) da kuma kara yawan dandali (sub conductors, Yana da tattalin arziki).

Fasahar watsawa wacce za ta iya inganta ƙarfin watsawa ta zahiri, da sarrafa tsangwama ta rediyo da asarar corona a wani

matakin yarda, ta yadda za a rage yawan watsa da'irori, damfara da nisa na layin corridors, rage amfani da ƙasa, da dai sauransu, da kuma inganta.

karfin watsawa.

Halayen asali na ƙananan layin watsa EHV AC idan aka kwatanta da layin watsawa na al'ada sune:

① Mai gudanarwa na lokaci yana ɗaukar tsarin tsagawa da yawa kuma yana ƙara tazarar mai gudanarwa;

② Rage nisa tsakanin matakai.Don gujewa gajeriyar da'ira tsakanin matakan da iska ke hura wutar madugu, ana amfani da spacer don

gyara nisa tsakanin matakai;

③ Za'a karɓi tsarin sandar sanda da hasumiya ba tare da firam ba.

Layin watsa wutar lantarki na Luobai I-circuit AC mai karfin 500kV wanda ya karɓi ingantaccen fasahar watsawa shine sashin Luoping Baise na 500kV.

Tianguang IV aikin watsawa da canji.Wannan dai shi ne karo na farko a kasar Sin da aka fara amfani da wannan fasaha a wurare masu tsayi da tsayi.

layin nesa.An fara aikin watsa wutar lantarki da canjin aiki a watan Yunin 2005, kuma yana da kwanciyar hankali a halin yanzu.

Ƙaƙƙarfan fasahar watsawa ba zai iya inganta ƙarfin watsawa kawai ba, har ma yana rage watsa wutar lantarki

corridor ta 27.4 mu a kowace kilomita, wanda zai iya rage yawan sare bishiyoyi yadda ya kamata, ramukan amfanin gona na matasa da rushewar gida, tare da

gagarumin fa'idojin tattalin arziki da zamantakewa.

A halin yanzu, China Southern Power Grid tana haɓaka aikace-aikacen ƙaramin fasahar watsa shirye-shirye a cikin Guizhou Shibing 500kV zuwa Guangdong

Xianlingshan, Yunnan 500kV Dehong da sauran ayyukan watsa wutar lantarki da sauyi.

HVDC watsa

Watsawar HVDC abu ne mai sauƙi don gane hanyar sadarwar asynchronous;Ya fi tattalin arziki fiye da watsa AC sama da nisan watsawa mai mahimmanci;

Layin layi ɗaya na iya watsa wutar lantarki fiye da AC, don haka ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin babban watsa iya aiki mai nisa, sadarwar tsarin wutar lantarki,

Kebul na jirgin ruwa mai nisa ko watsa kebul na karkashin kasa a cikin manyan birane, watsa wutar lantarki ta DC a cikin hanyar rarrabawa, da sauransu.

Tsarin watsa wutar lantarki na zamani yawanci yana kunshe da ultra high voltage, ultra high voltage DC watsawa da AC watsa.UHV da UHV

Fasahar watsawa ta DC tana da halaye na nesa mai nisa, babban ƙarfin watsawa, sarrafawa mai sassauƙa da aikawa da dacewa.

Don ayyukan watsawa na DC tare da ƙarfin watsa wutar lantarki na kusan 1000km da ƙarfin watsa wutar lantarki wanda bai wuce 3 kW ba.

± 500kV matakin ƙarfin lantarki gabaɗaya ana karɓa;Lokacin da ƙarfin watsa wutar lantarki ya wuce kW miliyan 3 kuma nisan watsa wutar lantarki ya wuce

1500km, da ƙarfin lantarki matakin ± 600kV ko sama ne kullum soma;Lokacin da nisan watsawa ya kai kusan 2000km, ya zama dole a yi la'akari

matakan ƙarfin lantarki mafi girma don yin cikakken amfani da albarkatun layin layi, rage adadin hanyoyin watsawa da rage asarar watsawa.

Fasahar watsawa ta HVDC ita ce yin amfani da kayan aikin lantarki mai ƙarfi, irin su thyristor mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, kashe silicon sarrafawa.

GTO, insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT da sauran abubuwan da aka gyara don samar da kayan gyara da jujjuyawar kayan aiki don cimma babban ƙarfin lantarki, nesa mai nisa.

watsa wutar lantarki.Fasaha masu dacewa sun haɗa da fasahar wutar lantarki, fasahar microelectronics, fasahar sarrafa kwamfuta, sabo

kayan rufi, fiber na gani, superconductivity, kwaikwayo da tsarin tsarin wutar lantarki, sarrafawa da tsarawa.

HVDC watsa tsarin wani hadadden tsarin hada da Converter bawul kungiyar, Converter Converter, DC tace, smoothing reactor, DC watsa

layi, tace wutar lantarki a gefen AC da gefen DC, na'urar ramuwa mai amsawa, DC switchgear, na'urar kariya da sarrafawa, kayan taimako da

sauran sassa (tsari).Ya ƙunshi tashoshi biyu masu juyawa da layin watsawa na DC, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da tsarin AC a ƙarshen duka.

Babban fasaha na watsawar DC yana mai da hankali kan kayan aikin tashar mai juyawa.Tashar mai jujjuya tana gane jujjuyawar juna na DC da

AC.Tashar mai jujjuyawar ta haɗa da tashar gyarawa da tashar inverter.Tashar mai gyara tana juyar da wutar AC mai hawa uku zuwa wutar DC, da kuma

Tashar inverter tana canza wutar DC daga layin DC zuwa wutar AC.Bawul ɗin mai juyawa shine ainihin kayan aiki don gane jujjuya tsakanin DC da AC

a cikin tashar mai canzawa.A cikin aiki, mai canzawa zai haifar da babban tsari mai jituwa a duka gefen AC da gefen DC, yana haifar da tsangwama,

rashin kwanciyar hankali na kayan aiki masu canzawa, zafi mai zafi na janareta da capacitors, da tsoma baki tare da tsarin sadarwa.Saboda haka, danniya

akwai bukatar a dauki matakai.Ana saita tacewa a cikin tashar mai canza tsarin watsawa na DC don ɗaukar babban tsari na jituwa.Banda sha

masu jituwa, tacewa a gefen AC kuma yana ba da wasu mahimman ƙarfin amsawa, matatar gefen DC tana amfani da reactor mai santsi don iyakance jituwa.

Tashar mai canzawa

UHV watsa

UHV ikon watsawa yana da halaye na babban ƙarfin watsa wutar lantarki, tsayin watsa wutar lantarki, faffadan ɗaukar hoto, layin ceto

tituna, ƙananan asarar watsawa, da kuma samun faffadan tsarin inganta kayan aiki.Yana iya samar da grid na baya na ikon UHV

grid bisa ga rarraba wutar lantarki, shimfidar kaya, ƙarfin watsawa, musayar wuta da sauran buƙatu.

UHV AC da UHV DC watsawa suna da nasu fa'idodin.Gabaɗaya, watsawar UHV AC ya dace da ginin grid na ƙarfin lantarki mafi girma

matakin da ƙetare layin layi don inganta zaman lafiyar tsarin;Watsawar UHV DC ya dace da babban iya aiki mai nisa

watsa manyan tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki da manyan tashoshi masu amfani da kwal don inganta tattalin arzikin gina layin sadarwa.

Layin watsawar UHV AC yana cikin layin dogon layi na uniform, wanda ke da alaƙa da juriya, inductance, capacitance da gudanarwa.

tare da layin ana ci gaba da rarraba a ko'ina a kan dukkan layin watsawa.Lokacin magana game da matsalolin, halayen lantarki na

Yawancin lokaci ana kwatanta layin ta hanyar juriya r1, inductance L1, capacitance C1 da conductance g1 kowane tsawon raka'a.Halayen impedance

kuma ana amfani da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun layin dogayen watsawa iri ɗaya don ƙididdige shirye-shiryen aiki na layin watsa EHV.

M AC watsa tsarin

Tsarin watsa AC mai sassauci (FACTS) shine tsarin watsa AC wanda ke amfani da fasahar lantarki ta zamani, fasahar microelectronics,

fasahar sadarwa da fasahar sarrafawa ta zamani don daidaitawa da sauri da daidaitawa da sarrafa wutar lantarki da sigogin tsarin wutar lantarki,

haɓaka tsarin sarrafawa da haɓaka ƙarfin watsawa.Fasahar GASKIYA sabuwar fasaha ce ta watsa AC, wacce kuma aka sani da sassauƙa

(ko m) fasahar sarrafa watsawa.Aikace-aikacen fasaha na GASKIYA ba zai iya sarrafa wutar lantarki kawai a cikin babban kewayon da samu ba

ingantaccen rarraba wutar lantarki mai kyau, amma kuma yana haɓaka kwanciyar hankali na tsarin wutar lantarki, ta haka inganta ƙarfin watsawa na layin watsawa.

Ana amfani da fasahar FACTS zuwa tsarin rarraba don inganta ingancin wutar lantarki.Ana kiransa tsarin watsa AC mai sassauci DFACTS na

tsarin rarrabawa ko fasahar wutar lantarki mai amfani da CPT.A wasu wallafe-wallafen, ana kiranta tsayayyen fasahar wutar lantarki ko na musamman iko

fasaha.