Abubuwan ilimi:

Mai watsewar kewayawa shine mahimmancin sarrafawa da kayan kariya a cikin tashoshin wutar lantarki da tashoshin wutar lantarki.Ba zai iya yankewa da rufe halin yanzu ba

da kuma ɗaukar halin yanzu na babban ƙarfin lantarki, amma kuma haɗa kai tare da na'urar kariya da na'urar atomatik don yanke kuskuren halin yanzu idan akwai.

na gazawar tsarin, ta yadda za a rage ikon gazawar wutar lantarki, hana fadada hatsarori, da tabbatar da amintaccen aiki na tsarin.Tun da wuri

A cikin shekarun 1990s, na'urorin da'irar mai a tsarin wutar lantarki sama da 35kV a kasar Sin sun kasance a hankali sun maye gurbinsu da na'urorin kewayawa na SF6,.

1. Basic ka'ida na kewaye watse

Na'ura mai jujjuyawa shine na'ura mai sauyawa na inji a cikin tashar da za ta iya buɗewa, rufewa, ɗaukarwa da karya kayan aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin kewaye na yau da kullun,

kuma yana iya ɗaukar da karya kuskuren halin yanzu ƙarƙashin yanayin da'ira mara kyau a cikin ƙayyadadden lokaci.Gidan da ke kashe baka yana daya daga cikin mafi

muhimman sassan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, wanda zai iya kashe baka da aka samar yayin aikin kashe wutar lantarki da kuma tabbatar da aiki mai aminci.

na tsarin wutar lantarki.Ƙa'idar kashe-baki na babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki AC mai katsewar kewayawa an ƙaddara ta matsakaicin rufin da aka yi amfani da shi.Daban-daban rufi

kafofin watsa labarai za su yi amfani da ka'idoji daban-daban na kashe baka.Ka'idar kashe baka iri ɗaya tana iya samun sifofi daban-daban na kashe baka.Arc-

dakin kashewa na SF6 mai watsewar kewayawa ya ƙunshi nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan iska da nau'in kuzarin kai.Matsewar baka mai kashe iska

chamber cike da 0 Don SF6 gas na 45MPa (20 ℃ ma'auni ma'auni), a lokacin bude tsari, da kwampreso jam'iyyar sa zumunta motsi zuwa.

piston a tsaye, kuma iskar gas a cikin ɗakin kwampreso yana matsawa, yana haifar da bambancin matsa lamba tare da iskar gas a waje da Silinda.Babban matsin lamba

Gas SF6 yana busa baka da ƙarfi ta cikin bututun ƙarfe, yana tilasta baka ya kashe lokacin da na yanzu ya wuce sifili.Da zarar an gama budewa, matsa lamba

Bambanci zai ɓace ba da daɗewa ba, kuma matsa lamba a ciki da waje na compressor zai dawo daidai.Domin a tsaye piston sanye take da abin dubawa

bawul, bambancin matsa lamba lokacin rufewa kadan ne.Tushen tsarin ginin baka mai kashe wutar lantarki ya ƙunshi babban lamba, a tsaye

lamba baka, bututun ƙarfe, kwampreso jam'iyya, tsauri baka lamba, Silinda, thermal fadada dakin, daya hanya bawul, karin compressor dakin, matsa lamba

rage bawul da matsa lamba rage bazara.Yayin aikin buɗewa, tsarin aiki yana tafiyar da shingen watsawa da hannun ƙugiya na ciki

a cikin goyan baya, don haka ja da insulating sanda, piston sanda, compressor chamber, motsi baka lamba, babban lamba da bututun ƙarfe don matsawa ƙasa.Lokacin da

Dan yatsa a tsaye da babban lambar sadarwa sun rabu, halin yanzu yana gudana tare da madaidaicin lamba da lambar arc mai motsi wacce ba ta rabu ba.

Lokacin da aka raba lambobi masu motsi da a tsaye, ana haifar da baka tsakanin su.Kafin a raba tuntuɓar baka a tsaye daga maƙogwaron bututun ƙarfe,

yawan zafin jiki da ake samu ta hanyar konewar arc Gas mai tsananin ƙarfi yana gudana cikin ɗakin kwampreso kuma yana haɗuwa da gas mai sanyi a cikinsa, don haka yana ƙaruwa.

matsa lamba a cikin dakin kwampreso.Bayan an raba ma'aunin arc a tsaye daga maƙogwaron bututun ƙarfe, iskar gas mai ƙarfi a cikin ɗakin kwampreso yana

fitar da bututun bututun ruwa da maƙogwaron baka mai motsi a duk kwatance don kashe baka.Yayin aiki na rufewa, tsarin aiki

yana matsawa zuwa ga madaidaiciyar lamba tare da lamba mai motsi, bututun ƙarfe da fistan, kuma ana shigar da madaidaicin lamba cikin wurin zama mai motsi don yin.

lambobi masu motsi da a tsaye suna da kyakkyawar hulɗar lantarki, don cimma manufar rufewa, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin adadi.

 
2. Rarraba na'urorin haɗi

(1) An raba shi zuwa mai keɓewar mai, matsa lamba mai katsewar iska, injin da'ira da na'urar SF6 bisa ga matsakaicin kashe baka;

Duk da cewa na'urar kashe baka na kowace na'urar da'ira ta bambanta, aikinsu da gaske iri daya ne, wanda shine kashe baka ta hanyar samar da wutar lantarki.

mai jujjuyawar kewayawa yayin aikin buɗewa, don tabbatar da amincin aiki na kayan lantarki.

1) Mai kewaya mai: yi amfani da mai azaman matsakaiciyar kashe baka.Lokacin da baka ya ƙone a cikin mai, man da sauri ya rushe kuma yana ƙafe a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi

na baka, da kuma samar da kumfa a kusa da baka, wanda zai iya kwantar da baka yadda ya kamata, ya rage karfin tazarar baka, da inganta baka don kashewa.An baka-

An saita na'urar kashewa (ɗaki) a cikin na'urar kewaya mai don sa hulɗar tsakanin mai da baka ta kusa, kuma ana ƙara matsa lamba.Lokacin da bututun ƙarfe

An buɗe ɗakin da ake kashewa, iskar gas, mai da tururin mai suna haifar da rafi na iska da ruwa.Dangane da takamaiman tsarin na'urar kashe baka,

Za a iya hura baka a kan baka a kwance, daidai da baka a tsaye, ko kuma a hade shi a tsaye da a kwance, don aiwatar da karfi da inganci.

busa baka a kan baka, don haka yana hanzarta aiwatar da aikin deionization, yana rage lokacin harbi, da haɓaka ƙarfin ɓarkewar na'urar.

2) Matsewar kewayar iska: an kammala aikin kashe baka a cikin takamaiman bututun ƙarfe.Ana amfani da bututun ƙarfe don samar da kwararar iska mai sauri don busa baka

domin a kashe baka.Lokacin da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa ya karya da'irar, babban saurin iska mai gudana ta hanyar matsa lamba ba kawai yana ɗaukar adadi mai yawa ba.

zafi a cikin tazarar baka, don haka rage yawan zafin jiki na arc gap da kuma hana ci gaban thermal dissociation, amma kuma kai tsaye yana dauke da adadi mai yawa.

na tabbatacce da korau ions a cikin baka rata, da kuma cika lamba rata da sabo high matsa lamba iska, sabõda haka, da ƙarfi na matsakaici rata za a iya dawo da sauri.

Saboda haka, idan aka kwatanta da na'urar kewaya mai, damtsen iska mai matsa lamba yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da aiki mai sauri.

Ba za a rage ƙarfin karya ba a sake rufewa ta atomatik.

3) Vacuum circuit breaker: yi amfani da injin a matsayin insulation da arc extinguishing matsakaici.Lokacin da aka cire haɗin kebul ɗin, baka yana ƙonewa a cikin tururin ƙarfe

wanda aka samar ta hanyar kayan tuntuɓar ɗakin kwana na baka, wanda ake kira vacuum arc a takaice.Lokacin da vacuum baka aka yanke, saboda

matsa lamba da yawa a ciki da wajen ginshiƙin baka sun bambanta sosai, tururin ƙarfe da caja a cikin ginshiƙin baka za su ci gaba da yaɗuwa waje.

Ciki na ginshiƙin baka yana cikin ma'auni mai ƙarfi na ci gaba da yaɗuwar ɓangarorin da aka caje da kuma ci gaba da fitar da sabbin ƙwayoyin cuta.

daga lantarki.Yayin da halin yanzu ke raguwa, yawan tururin ƙarfe da kuma yawan abubuwan da aka caje suna raguwa, kuma a ƙarshe suna ɓacewa lokacin da na yanzu ke kusa.

zuwa sifili, kuma baka ya fita.A wannan lokacin, ragowar barbashi na ginshiƙin baka suna ci gaba da bazuwa a waje, kuma ƙarfin insulation na dielectric tsakanin

karaya na farfadowa da sauri.Muddin ƙarfin rufin dielectric ya dawo da sauri fiye da saurin dawo da wutar lantarki, za a kashe baka.

4) SF6 mai watsewar kewayawa: Ana amfani da iskar gas SF6 azaman rufi da matsakaicin kashe baka.SF6 iskar gas shine madaidaicin baka mai kashe matsakaici tare da ingantaccen thermochemistry da

karfi mummunan wutar lantarki.

A. The thermochemistry yana nufin cewa SF6 gas yana da kyawawan halaye na zafi.Saboda yawan zafin jiki na SF6 gas da kuma yawan zafin jiki

gradient a kan saman core arc a lokacin konewar baka, tasirin sanyaya yana da mahimmanci, don haka diamita na baka yana da ƙananan ƙananan, wanda ya dace da baka.

bacewa.A lokaci guda, SF6 yana da tasiri mai ƙarfi na thermal dissociation sakamako a cikin baka da isasshen bazuwar thermal.Akwai adadi mai yawa na monomer

S, F da ions a cikin cibiyar baka.A lokacin aikin konewar baka, makamashin da aka allura a cikin tazarar baka na grid ɗin wutar lantarki ya yi ƙasa da na kewaye.

breaker da iska da mai a matsayin baka kashe matsakaici.Sabili da haka, kayan haɗin gwiwar ba su da ƙonawa kuma arc ya fi sauƙi don kashewa.

B. Ƙarfin rashin ƙarfi na SF6 gas shine ƙaƙƙarfan hali na kwayoyin gas ko atom don haifar da ions mara kyau.Electrons da aka samar ta hanyar arc ionization suna da ƙarfi

da SF6 gas da halogenated kwayoyin halitta da kuma atoms da aka samar ta hanyar bazuwar sa, don haka motsin abubuwan da aka caje yana raguwa sosai, kuma

saboda mummunan ions da ions masu kyau suna sauƙi rage su zuwa kwayoyin halitta da kwayoyin halitta.Sabili da haka, bacewar ɗawainiya a cikin sararin sarari yana da yawa

m.Ƙarfafawar rata na arc yana raguwa da sauri, wanda ya sa baka ya kashe.

(2) Dangane da nau'in tsari, ana iya raba shi zuwa na'urar bugun igiya ta porcelain da na'urar kewayar tanki.

(3) Dangane da yanayin tsarin aiki, an raba shi zuwa na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa na lantarki, injin aiki na hydraulic.

Mai watsewar da'ira, na'urar bugun bututun mai aiki da wutar lantarki, injin da'ira mai aiki da ruwa da na'urar maganadisu na dindindin

mai jujjuyawa.

(4) An kasu kashi-kashi-kashi-daya da na'urar kashe-kashe da yawa gwargwadon yawan adadin;An raba mahaɗin daɗaɗɗen ɓarna

cikin mai watsewar kewayawa tare da daidaita capacitor da na'ura mai karyawa ba tare da daidaita capacitor ba.

3、 Basic tsarin na kewayawa

Tsarin asali na mai watsewar kewayawa ya haɗa da tushe, tsarin aiki, nau'in watsawa, sashin goyan bayan insulation, abubuwan karya, da sauransu.

Ana nuna tsarin asali na na'ura mai kwakwalwa na yau da kullum a cikin adadi.

Abubuwan da ake cire haɗin: Shi ne ainihin ɓangaren na'ura mai rarrabawa don haɗawa da cire haɗin da'irar.

Abun watsawa: canja wurin umarnin aiki da kuzarin motsa jiki zuwa lamba mai motsi.

Abun goyan bayan insulating: goyi bayan jikin mai watsewar kewayawa, ɗaukar ƙarfin aiki da ƙarfi daban-daban na ɓangaren ɓarna, kuma tabbatar da ƙasa.

rufi na karya kashi.

Tsarin aiki: ana amfani da shi don samar da makamashin buɗewa da rufewa.

Tushe: ana amfani da shi don tallafawa da gyara mai watsewar kewayawa.