Wanene ya ci nasara, Tesla ko Edison?

Sau ɗaya, Edison, a matsayin babban mai ƙirƙira a cikin litattafai, ya kasance koyaushe baƙo mai yawan gaske a cikin abun da ke cikin firamare.

da daliban makarantar sakandare.Tesla, a gefe guda, koyaushe yana da fuskar da ba ta da tabbas, kuma a makarantar sakandare ne kawai

ya ci karo da sashin da aka sanya masa suna a ajin physics.

Amma tare da yaduwar Intanet, Edison ya zama firist, kuma Tesla ya zama abin ban mamaki.

masanin kimiyya daidai da Einstein a cikin zukatan mutane da yawa.Har ila yau koke-koken nasu ya zama abin magana a kan tituna.

A yau za mu fara ne da yakin wutar lantarki da ya barke tsakanin su biyun.Ba za mu yi magana game da kasuwanci ko na mutane ba

zukãtansu, amma kawai magana game da wadannan talakawa da ban sha'awa facts daga fasaha ka'idojin.

Tesla ko Edison

 

 

Kamar yadda muka sani, a cikin yakin na yanzu tsakanin Tesla da Edison, Edison da kansa ya rinjaye Tesla, amma a ƙarshe.

kasa ta hanyar fasaha, kuma alternating current ya zama cikakken ma'abucin tsarin wutar lantarki.Yanzu yara sun san haka

Ana amfani da wutar AC a gida, to me yasa Edison ya zaɓi ikon DC?Yaya tsarin samar da wutar lantarki ya wakilta

ta Tesla ta doke DC?

Kafin yin magana game da waɗannan batutuwa, dole ne mu fara bayyana a fili cewa Tesla ba shine mai ƙirƙira alternating current ba.Faraday

Ya san hanyar samar da alternating current lokacin da ya yi nazarin abin da ya faru na shigar da wutar lantarki a 1831,

kafin a haifi Tesla.A lokacin da Tesla ya kasance a cikin samartaka, manyan masu canji sun kasance a kusa.

A gaskiya ma, abin da Tesla ya yi ya kasance kusa da Watt, wanda shine don inganta madaidaicin don sa ya fi dacewa da manyan sikelin.

Tsarin wutar lantarki na AC.Wannan kuma yana daga cikin abubuwan da suka taimaka wajen samun nasarar tsarin AC a yakin da ake yi a yanzu.Hakazalika,

Edison ba shine wanda ya kirkiri janareta na yanzu da kai tsaye ba, amma kuma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin

inganta halin yanzu kai tsaye.

Saboda haka, ba yaki ba ne tsakanin Tesla da Edison kamar yadda yake yaki tsakanin tsarin samar da wutar lantarki guda biyu da kasuwanci.

kungiyoyin bayan su.

PS: A cikin aiwatar da binciken bayanan, na ga cewa wasu mutane sun ce Raday ya ƙirƙira farkon mai canzawa a duniya -

dainji janareta.A gaskiya wannan magana ba daidai ba ce.Ana iya gani daga zane-zane cewa janareta diski shine a

DC janareta.

Me yasa Edison ya zaɓi kai tsaye

Za a iya raba tsarin wutar lantarki kawai zuwa sassa uku: samar da wutar lantarki (generator) - watsa wutar lantarki (rabawa)

(transformers,Lines, masu sauyawa, da dai sauransu) - amfani da wutar lantarki (kayan lantarki iri-iri).

A zamanin Edison (1980s), tsarin wutar lantarki na DC yana da babban janareta na DC don samar da wutar lantarki, kuma ba a buƙatar transfoma.

dominwatsa wutar lantarki, muddin aka kafa wayoyi.

Dangane da kaya kuwa, a wancan lokacin kowa ya fi amfani da wutar lantarki ne wajen ayyuka biyu, hasken wuta da kuma tuki.Don fitulun wuta

ana amfani da shi wajen yin haske,muddin wutar lantarki ta tsaya tsayin daka, ba komai ko DC ne ko AC.Amma ga motoci, saboda dalilai na fasaha.

Ba a yi amfani da injinan AC bana kasuwanci, kuma kowa yana amfani da injinan DC.A cikin wannan yanayi, tsarin wutar lantarki na DC zai iya zama

aka ce hanyoyi biyu ne.Haka kuma, kai tsaye halin yanzu yana da fa'ida wanda alternating current ba zai iya daidaitawa ba, kuma yana dacewa da ajiya,

muddin akwai baturi,ana iya adana shi.Idan tsarin samar da wutar lantarki ya gaza, zai iya canzawa da sauri zuwa baturin don shigar da wutar lantarki

lamarin gaggawa.Yawan amfani da muTsarin UPS shine ainihin baturin DC, amma ana canza shi zuwa ikon AC a ƙarshen fitarwa

ta hanyar fasahar lantarki.Ko da wutar lantarkikuma dole ne a sanye da ma'auni tare da batir DC don tabbatar da wutar lantarki

samar da kayan aiki masu mahimmanci.

To, menene alternating current yayi kama da baya?Ana iya cewa babu wanda zai iya fada.Balagagge AC janareta - babu;

masu canza wuta don watsa wutar lantarki - ƙarancin inganci (rashin ƙin yarda da ɗigon ruwa wanda ya haifar da tsarin tushen ƙarfe na layi yana da girma);

ga masu amfani,idan DC Motors suna da alaka da AC ikon, za su kasance har yanzu Kusan, shi za a iya kawai a matsayin ado.

Abu mafi mahimmanci shine ƙwarewar mai amfani - ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana da matukar talauci.Ba wai kawai za a iya adana alternating current ba

kamar kai tsayehalin yanzu, amma tsarin canza yanayin yanzu yayi amfani da jerin lodi a wancan lokacin, kuma ƙara ko cire kaya akan layin zai

haifar da canje-canje a cikinƙarfin lantarki na dukan layi.Ba wanda yake son fitilun sa su yi firgita lokacin da aka kunna da kashe fitulun kofa na gaba.

Yadda Madadin Yanzu Ya Taso

Fasaha tana haɓaka, kuma ba da daɗewa ba, a cikin 1884, 'yan ƙasar Hungary sun ƙirƙira wani babban abin rufe fuska mai inganci.Bakin ƙarfe na

wannan transformeryana samar da cikakkiyar da'irar maganadisu, wanda zai iya inganta ingantaccen injin na'urar da kuma guje wa asarar kuzari.

Asali iri ɗaya netsarin a matsayin transformer da muke amfani da shi a yau.Ana kuma warware matsalolin kwanciyar hankali kamar yadda tsarin samar da kayayyaki ke

maye gurbinsu da tsarin samar da layi daya.Tare da waɗannan damar, Tesla a ƙarshe ya zo wurin, kuma ya ƙirƙira mai amfani mai amfani

wanda za a iya amfani da shi tare da wannan sabon nau'in transfoma.A gaskiya ma, a lokaci guda da Tesla, akwai da yawa na ƙirƙira ikon mallaka

zuwa alternators, amma Tesla yana da ƙarin fa'idodi, kuma yana da daraja taWestinghouse kuma an inganta shi akan babban sikeli.

Dangane da bukatar wutar lantarki, idan babu bukata, to a samar da bukata.Tsarin wutar lantarki na AC da ya gabata shine AC-lokaci guda ɗaya,

da Teslaya ƙirƙira motar AC asynchronous mai aiki da yawa, wanda ya ba AC damar nuna basirarsa.

Akwai fa'idodi da yawa na sauyawar yanayin zamani da yawa, kamar tsari mai sauƙi da ƙarancin tsadar layin watsawa da lantarki

kayan aiki,kuma mafi na musamman a cikin mota.Multi-phase alternating current ya ƙunshi sinusoidal alternating current tare da

wani kusurwa na lokacibambanci.Kamar yadda kowa ya sani, canza halin yanzu na iya haifar da canza filin maganadisu.Canza zuwa canji.Idan da

tsari ne m, da Magneticfilin zai juya a wani mitar.Idan aka yi amfani da shi a cikin mota, zai iya fitar da rotor don juyawa,

wanda shine injin AC mai nau'i-nau'i.Motar da Tesla ya ƙirƙira bisa wannan ka'ida baya buƙatar samar da filin maganadisu don

rotor, wanda ya sauƙaƙa tsarin sosaida kudin mota.Abin sha'awa shine, motar lantarki ta Musk "Tesla" tana amfani da AC asynchronous

motoci, sabanin motocin da ake amfani da su na lantarki na kasatainjina masu aiki tare.

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Lokacin da muka isa nan, mun gano cewa wutar lantarki ta AC ta yi daidai da DC ta fuskar samar da wutar lantarki, watsawa da amfani.

to ta yaya abin ya kai sama ya mamaye kasuwar wutar lantarki baki daya?

Makullin yana cikin farashi.Bambanci a cikin asarar a cikin tsarin watsawa na biyu ya kara fadada rata tsakanin su gaba daya

DC da AC watsa.

Idan kun koyi ainihin ilimin lantarki, za ku san cewa a cikin watsa wutar lantarki mai nisa, ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki zai haifar da

babban hasara.Wannan hasarar ta fito ne daga zafin da ke haifar da juriya na layin, wanda zai kara farashin wutar lantarki ba tare da komai ba.

Wutar lantarki na Edison's DC janareta shine 110V.Irin wannan ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki yana buƙatar shigar da tashar wuta kusa da kowane mai amfani.A ciki

yankunan da ke da yawan wutar lantarki da masu amfani da yawa, kewayon samar da wutar lantarki ko da ƴan kilomita kaɗan ne.Misali, Edison

ya gina tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na DC na farko a birnin Beijing a shekarar 1882, wanda zai iya ba da wutar lantarki kawai ga masu amfani da shi a cikin kilomita 1.5 a kusa da tashar wutar lantarki.

Idan ba a ma maganar tsadar ababen more rayuwa da na’urorin samar da wutar lantarki da yawa, tushen wutar lantarkin ma babbar matsala ce.A lokacin.

domin a ceci kudi, ya fi kyau a gina tashoshin wutar lantarki a kusa da koguna, ta yadda za su iya samar da wutar lantarki kai tsaye daga ruwa.Duk da haka,

don samar da wutar lantarki ga yankunan da ke da nisa da albarkatun ruwa, dole ne a yi amfani da wutar lantarki don samar da wutar lantarki, da kuma tsada

na kwal kona kuma ya karu da yawa.

Wata matsalar kuma tana faruwa ne ta hanyar watsa wutar lantarki mai nisa.Tsawon layin, mafi girman juriya, ƙarin ƙarfin lantarki

sauke a kan layi, kuma ƙarfin lantarki na mai amfani a mafi nisa na iya zama ƙasa da ƙasa wanda ba za a iya amfani da shi ba.Mafita ita ce karuwa

ƙarfin wutar lantarki na wutar lantarki, amma zai haifar da ƙarfin lantarki na masu amfani da kusa da su ya yi yawa, kuma menene ya kamata in yi idan kayan aiki

ya kone?

Babu irin wannan matsala tare da alternating current.Matukar ana amfani da na'ura mai canzawa don haɓaka ƙarfin lantarki, watsa wutar lantarki na dubun

kilomita ba matsala.Na'urar samar da wutar lantarki ta AC ta farko a Arewacin Amurka na iya amfani da wutar lantarki 4000V don samar da wutar lantarki ga masu amfani da nisan kilomita 21.

Daga baya, ta hanyar amfani da tsarin wutar lantarki na Westinghouse AC, har ma Niagara Falls ya iya kunna Fabro mai nisan kilomita 30.

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Abin takaici, kai tsaye ba za a iya haɓaka ta wannan hanyar ba.Saboda ka'idar da haɓakar AC ta ɗauka shine shigar da wutar lantarki,

A sauƙaƙe, canjin halin yanzu a gefe ɗaya na na'urar ta atomatik yana samar da filin maganadisu mai canzawa, da kuma filin maganadisu

yana samar da wutar lantarki mai canzawa (electromotive force) a daya bangaren.Makullin don transfoma yayi aiki shine dole ne na yanzu

canza, wanda shine ainihin abin da DC ba shi da shi.

Bayan saduwa da wannan jerin yanayi na fasaha, tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na AC gaba daya ya ci karfin DC tare da ƙananan farashi.

Ba da daɗewa ba aka sake fasalin kamfanin wutar lantarki na Edison na DC zuwa wani shahararren kamfanin lantarki - General Electric na Amurka..


Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-29-2023