Gabaɗayan buƙatun don layin kan sama:

Layin samaya kamata a yadu amfani da ƙarfe-cored aluminum manne waya ko aluminum stranded waya.Sashin giciye na waya na aluminium na babban layin da ke kan layin wutar lantarki ba zai zama ƙasa da murabba'in murabba'in murabba'in 50 ba.sashin giciye na waya mara kyau ba zai zama ƙasa da milimita murabba'in 16 ba.

Sashin giciye na waya ya kamata ya dace da bukatun matsakaicin nauyi.
Zaɓin ɓangaren giciye ya kamata kuma ya haɗu da asarar ƙarfin lantarki na bai wuce 5% na ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki ba (layukan kan wuta mai ƙarfi), ko 2% zuwa 3 (layukan haske tare da manyan buƙatun gani).Kuma yakamata ya hadu da wani ƙarfin injina.

Gina layukan sama
Hanyar ƙayyadaddun gini da matakan layin sama sune kamar haka:

Ma'auni na layi: bincika ƙasa da fasali bisa ga zanen zane, ƙayyade wurin farawa layin, kusurwar kusurwa da matsayi na ma'auni na tashar tashar tashar, a ƙarshe ƙayyade matsayi na tsaka-tsakin tsakiya da sandar ƙarfafawa kuma saka gungumen azaba.

Cikewa na tona ramin tushe: Lokacin da ake tono ramin tushe, ya kamata a mai da hankali ga ingancin ƙasa da muhallin da ke kewaye.Girman buɗe rami gabaɗaya faɗin mita 0.8 ne kuma tsayin mita 0.3.Girman ramin waya gabaɗaya faɗin mita 0.6 da tsayin mita 1.3.Mahimman ƙimar zurfin sandar da aka binne shine kamar haka:

Tsawon sandar siminti (m) 7 8 9 10 11 12 15
Zurfin da aka binne (m) 1.1 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.5
Lokacin da aka sake cika kafuwar hasumiya da kafuwar kebul, ba a ba da izinin sake cika tushen bishiya, ciyawa, da dai sauransu. Ya kamata a haɗa ƙasa fiye da sau biyu, kuma cikawar ya zama 30-50 cm sama da ƙasa.

Pole: Ana amfani da sandunan lantarki don tallafawa wayoyi a cikin layin sama.Akwai nau'ikan sandunan lantarki da yawa, kuma na gama-gari sune sandunan layi, sandunan kusurwa, sandunan tasha, da sauransu gwargwadon ayyukansu.Hanyoyin sandar sandar da aka fi amfani da su sune: sandunan crane, sanduna uku, sandunan juye-juye da sandunan tsayawa.

Poland na amarya shine mafi sauƙin sauƙin kafa gungumen sanda.Ya dogara ne akan ƙaramin winch a kan tafiya don ɗaga sandar.Lokacin da aka kafa sandar, da farko a matsa da sandar zuwa gefen ramin, saita taku, sa'an nan kuma sanya sandar a kan sandar.Ana daure igiyoyin ja guda uku a kan tip don sarrafa jikin sandar, sannan a kafa sandar a jefar a cikin ramin, daga karshe kuma a gyara jikin sandar a dunkule kasa.
Girgizar hannu taro: Cross hannu wani sashi ne don shigar da insulators, switchgear, masu kamawa, da dai sauransu. Dangane da kayan, akwai katako na katako, giciye-hannun ƙarfe da yumbun giciye.Ya kamata a shigar da hannun giciye na linzamin kwamfuta a gefen kaya, kuma sandar da ba ta dace ba ya kamata a sanya shi a gefe na tashin hankali.

Insulators: Ana amfani da insulators don riƙe wayoyi a wuri.Don haka yakamata ya kasance yana da isassun kayan rufewar lantarki da ƙarfin injina.Insulators da aka saba amfani da su don layin sama sun haɗa da insulators fil, suspension insulators, butterfly insulators, da dai sauransu. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin wutar lantarki shine 1kV, kuma ana amfani da insulators masu ƙarfi don layin 3kV, 6kV, da 10kV.

Gina-jigi na waya: Jigilar waya a cikin layin sama yana taka rawar goyan bayan sandar.Gabaɗaya, sandar kusurwa, sandar tasha, sandar tashin hankali, da sauransu dole ne su kasance suna da jan-waya don tallafawa sandar, don kada a karkatar da tashin hankalin wayar.Gabaɗaya, kusurwar da ke tsakanin kebul da ƙasa yana tsakanin 30 ° da 60 °, kuma ana yin amfani da kebul na kebul, rike na tsakiya, da ƙananan igiyoyin kebul bi da bi.

Hanyar kafa waya: kafa wayoyi sun haɗa da shimfidawa, haɗa wayoyi, rataye wayoyi da ƙaran wayoyi, da dai sauransu. Biyan kuɗi shine a saki wayar daga spool ɗin a saita ta akan sandar giciye.Akwai nau'ikan shimfidar layi guda biyu: Hanyar ja da sauke da hanyar yadawa.Ana haɗa madugu na waya da ke kan sama ta hanyar tsagawa, ɗaure, da kutsawa.Rataye wayar shine a ja wayar a kan sandar tare da ƙaramin igiya a sanya ta a kan giciye hannun.Tsayar da wayar shine a daure wayar da ƙarfi a kan insulator a ƙarshen juriya na tashin hankali, kuma a ɗaure ta da matsewar waya a ɗayan ƙarshen.Sag shine sag na halitta ta hanyar sag na waya a cikin tazara.

Matsakaicin tsari na tsari uku na layin sama zai cika waɗannan buƙatu: daga gefen hagu yana fuskantar kaya, tsarin tsari na tsarin gudanarwa shine L1, N, L2, L3, kuma layin tsaka tsaki yana kan gabaɗaya. gefen hanya na sandar.Gabaɗaya ana kafa sandunan lantarki a gefen arewa da gabas na titin.