Wannan shi ne kashi na uku na jerin sassa uku game da sake gina Derek Pratt na John Harrison's Longitude Award wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta H4 (madaidaicin tarihin marine na farko a duniya).An fara buga wannan labarin a cikin Jaridar Horological (HJ) a cikin Afrilu 2015, kuma muna gode musu don karimci don ba da izinin sake bugawa akan Quill & Pad.
Don ƙarin koyo game da Derek Pratt, duba rayuwa da lokutan fitaccen mai yin agogo mai zaman kansa Derek Pratt, sake gina Derek Pratt na John Harrison H4, duniya Madaidaicin agogon sararin samaniya na farko (banshi na 1 na 3), da John Harrison's H4 don tiren lu'u-lu'u wanda Derek Pratt ya sake ginawa, madaidaicin chromometer na ruwa na farko a duniya (Kashi na 2, Akwai sassa 3 gabaɗaya).
Bayan yin tiren lu'u-lu'u, muna matsawa don samun agogon ticking, kodayake ba tare da remontoir ba, kuma kafin a gama duk kayan adon.
Babban dabaran ma'auni (50.90 mm a diamita) an yi shi da taurare, mai zafi da goge kayan aiki.An matse dabaran tsakanin faranti biyu don taurin, wanda ke taimakawa rage nakasu.
Derek Pratt's H4 dabaran ma'auni mai taurare yana nuna ma'auni a mataki na gaba, tare da ma'aikata da chuck a wurin.
Ma'auni na ma'auni shine siriri 21.41 mm mandrel tare da kewayen kugu da aka rage zuwa 0.4 mm don hawan tire da ma'auni.Ma'aikatan suna kunna lashin agogon kuma suna gamawa a bi da bi.Tagulla chuck da aka yi amfani da shi don pallet yana daidaitawa ga ma'aikaci tare da tsagaggen fil, kuma an saka pallet a cikin rami mai siffar D a cikin chuck.
Ana yin waɗannan ramukan akan farantin tagulla ta amfani da EDM (na'urar fitarwa ta lantarki).Na'urar lantarki ta jan ƙarfe bisa ga siffar giciye na pallet an nutsar da shi cikin tagulla, sa'an nan kuma ana sarrafa ramin da ma'aunin waje na ma'aikaci akan injin milling na CNC.
Ƙarshe na ƙarshe na chuck ana yin shi da hannu ta hanyar amfani da fayil da polisher na karfe, kuma an yi ramin tsagawa ta hanyar amfani da rawar Archimedes.Wannan haɗin gwiwa ne mai ban sha'awa na manyan fasaha da ƙananan ayyukan fasaha!
Ma'aunin ma'auni yana da cikakke da'ira guda uku da wutsiya madaidaiciya.An ɗora maɓuɓɓugar ruwan bazara, ƙarshen ingarma ya fi kauri, kuma tsakiyar ta matsa zuwa guntu.Anthony Randall ya azurta mu da wasu 0.8% carbon karfe, wanda aka zana a cikin wani lebur yanki sa'an nan goge a cikin mazugi zuwa girman na asali H4 balance spring.Ana sanya maɓuɓɓugar ruwa mai bakin ciki a cikin tsohon karfe don taurin.
Muna da kyawawan hotuna na asali na bazara, wanda ya ba mu damar zana siffar da CNC niƙa tsohon.Tare da irin wannan ɗan gajeren bazara, mutane za su yi tsammanin ma'auni don yin motsi da ƙarfi lokacin da ma'aikatan suka tsaya a tsaye amma ba a hana su ta hanyar kayan ado a kan gadar ma'auni ba.Duk da haka, saboda dogon wutsiya da gashin gashi sun zama bakin ciki, idan ma'auni na ma'auni da gashin gashi sun saita don rawar jiki, kawai ana goyan bayan ƙananan pivot, kuma an cire kayan ado a sama, ma'auni na ma'auni zai zama abin ban mamaki.
Ƙaƙwalwar ma'auni da gashin gashi suna da babban kuskuren haɗin haɗin gwiwa, kamar yadda ake sa ran irin wannan gajeren gashi, amma wannan tasirin yana raguwa da kauri mai tsayi da tsayi mai tsayi na gashin gashi.
Bari agogon ya gudana, kora kai tsaye daga jirgin ƙasa, kuma mataki na gaba shine yin da shigar da remontoir.Ƙaƙwalwar zagaye na huɗu hanya ce mai ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa ta hanyoyi uku.A wannan lokacin, akwai ƙafafun coaxial guda uku: dabaran na huɗu, dabaran counter da dabaran tuƙi na sakan tsakiya.
Dabarar ta uku da aka yanke ta cikin gida tana tafiyar da dabaran ta huɗu bisa ga al'ada, wanda kuma ke tafiyar da tsarin remontoir wanda ya ƙunshi keken kullewa da kuma keken tashi.Dabarar gyro tana tuƙi ne da sandal na huɗu ta cikin maɓuɓɓugar ruwa na remontoir, kuma dabaran gyro tana tuka motar tserewa.
A haɗin zagaye na huɗu, ana ba da direba zuwa ga remontoir, dabaran contrate da dabaran na biyu na tsakiya don sake gina Derek Pratt's H4.
Akwai siriri siriri mandrel a kan agogon agogo, yana wucewa ta cikin rami maras kyau na dabaran huɗun, kuma ana shigar da dabaran tuƙi na hannu na biyu akan gefen bugun kira.
Remontoir spring an yi shi daga mainspring na agogon.Yana da tsayi 1.45 mm, kauri 0.08 mm, kuma tsayin kusan 160 mm.An gyara maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a cikin kejin tagulla wanda aka ɗora a kan gatari na huɗu.Dole ne a sanya ruwan bazara a cikin keji a matsayin buɗaɗɗen murɗa, ba a bangon ganga ba kamar yadda yawanci yake a cikin ganga agogo.Don cimma wannan, mun yi amfani da wani abu mai kama da na farko da aka yi amfani da shi don yin ma'auni na ma'auni don saita spring remontoir zuwa daidai siffar.
Sakin Remontoir ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar tawul mai juyawa, dabaran kullewa da kuma keken tashi da aka yi amfani da shi don sarrafa saurin jujjuyawar remontoir.Tafarkin yana da hannaye guda biyar da aka ɗora akan maɗaurin;hannu ɗaya yana riƙe da tafin hannu, kuma tafin yana haɗawa da fil ɗin sakin akan kishiyar mandrel.Lokacin da saman ya juya, ɗayan fil ɗinsa yana ɗaga tafin hannu a hankali zuwa wurin da ɗayan hannu ya saki dabaran kulle.Ƙaƙƙarfan kullewa na iya juyawa da yardar kaina don juyawa ɗaya don ba da damar sake jujjuya ruwan bazara.
Hannu na uku yana da abin nadi mai goyan bayan cam ɗin da aka ɗora akan gatari mai kullewa.Wannan yana nisantar da tafin hannu da tafin hannu daga hanyar fil ɗin sakin lokacin da juyawa ya faru, kuma motar baya tana ci gaba da juyawa.Sauran hannaye biyun da ke kan tawul ɗin ma'aunin nauyi ne waɗanda ke daidaita tawul ɗin.
Duk waɗannan abubuwan da aka gyara suna da laushi sosai kuma suna buƙatar sanyawa da rarrabuwa da hannu a hankali, amma suna aiki sosai cikin gamsarwa.Ganyen mai tashi yana da kauri 0.1 mm, amma yana da yanki mafi girma;wannan ya tabbatar da zama sashi mai ban sha'awa saboda shugaban tsakiya mutum ne mai yanayin yanayi.
Remontoir wata hanya ce mai wayo wacce ke da ban sha'awa saboda tana juyawa kowane sakan 7.5, don haka ba lallai ne ku jira na dogon lokaci ba!
A cikin Afrilu 1891, James U. Poole ya sabunta H4 na asali kuma ya rubuta rahoto mai ban sha'awa game da aikinsa na Mujallar Watch.Lokacin da yake magana game da injin sake gyarawa, ya ce: “Harrison yana kwatanta tsarin agogon.Dole na bi hanya ta cikin jerin gwaje-gwaje masu wahala, kuma na yi kwanaki da yawa ina ɗokin samun damar haɗa shi.The Remontoir Train's Aikin yana da ban mamaki wanda ko da kun lura da shi a hankali, ba za ku iya fahimtarsa ​​daidai ba.Ina shakka ko yana da amfani da gaske."
Mutum mai bakin ciki!Ina son gaskiyarsa mai annashuwa a cikin gwagwarmaya, watakila duk mun sami irin wannan bacin rai a kan benci!
Motsin sa'a da minti na al'ada ne, wanda wani babban kayan aiki ne da aka ɗora akan madaurin tsakiya, amma hannun daƙiƙa na tsakiya yana ɗauke da wata dabarar da ke tsakanin babban kayan aiki da motar sa'a.Dabarar tsakiyar daƙiƙai tana jujjuya kan babban kayan aiki kuma ana motsa ta da dabaran ƙidaya ɗaya wacce aka ɗora akan ƙarshen bugun kira na sandal.
Motsin H4 H4 na Derek Pratt yana nuna tuƙi na babban kaya, dabaran mintuna da dabaran tsakiya na biyu.
Zurfin babban direban hannu na tsakiya yana da zurfi kamar yadda zai yiwu don tabbatar da cewa hannun na biyu baya "jitter" lokacin da yake gudana, amma kuma yana buƙatar gudu kyauta.A kan ainihin H4, diamita na dabaran tuƙi yana da 0.11 mm girma fiye da na motar da aka tuƙi, kodayake adadin haƙora iri ɗaya ne.Da alama an yi zurfin zurfin da gangan sosai, sa'an nan kuma motar da aka yi amfani da ita tana "sama" don samar da ƙimar da ake bukata na 'yanci.Mun bi irin wannan hanya don ba da damar gudu kyauta tare da ƙarancin izini.
Yi amfani da kayan aikin topping don samun mafi ƙarancin koma baya yayin tuki hannun daƙiƙa na tsakiya na Derek Pratt H4
Derek ya kammala hannaye uku, amma suna buƙatar rarrabuwa.Daniela ta yi aiki a hannaye na awanni da mintuna, goge-goge, sannan ta taurare kuma ta yi fushi, kuma a ƙarshe ta yi shuɗi da gishiri mai shuɗi.An goge hannun daƙiƙa na tsakiya maimakon shuɗi.
Harrison da farko ya shirya yin amfani da madaidaicin rack da pinion a cikin H4, wanda ya zama ruwan dare a cikin agogon gefen lokacin, kuma kamar yadda aka nuna a ɗayan zanen da aka yi lokacin da Kwamitin Longitude ya duba agogon.Dole ne ya ba da ragar da wuri, ko da yake ya yi amfani da shi a cikin agogon Jefferys kuma ya yi amfani da ma'auni na bimetallic a karon farko a H3.
Derek ya so ya gwada wannan tsari kuma ya yi tarkace da pinion kuma ya fara yin gyaran fuska.
H4 na asali har yanzu yana da pinion don shigar da farantin mai daidaitawa, amma ba shi da tarawa.Tun da H4 ba shi da faifai a halin yanzu, an yanke shawarar yin kwafi.Kodayake rak da pinion suna da sauƙin daidaitawa, Harrison dole ne ya sami sauƙin motsawa da rushe saurin.Yanzu ana iya raunata agogon kyauta kuma an shigar dashi a hankali don ma'auni na bazara.Ana iya daidaita hanyar hawan igiya ta kowane hanya;wannan yana taimakawa wajen sanya tsakiyar bazara ta yadda ma'aunin ma'auni ya tsaya a tsaye lokacin hutawa.
Wurin da aka biya zafin zafi ya ƙunshi tagulla da sandunan ƙarfe waɗanda aka gyara tare da rivets 15.Ƙarshen shingen shinge a ƙarshen shingen ramuwa yana kewaye da bazara.Yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi, shingen zai lanƙwasa don rage tsawon lokacin bazara.
Harrison ya yi fatan yin amfani da siffar baya na tire don daidaitawa ga kurakurai masu yawa, amma ya gano cewa wannan bai isa ba, kuma ya ƙara abin da ya kira fil "cycloid".Ana daidaita wannan don yin hulɗa tare da wutsiya na ma'auni na ma'auni da kuma hanzarta girgiza tare da girman da aka zaɓa.
A wannan mataki, ana mika farantin saman ga Charles Scarr don zane.Derek ya nemi a rubuta tambarin sunan a matsayin na asali, amma an rubuta sunansa a gefen allo na skate da ke kusa da sa hannun Harrison da kuma kan gadar dabaran ta uku.Rubutun yana karanta: "Derek Pratt 2004-Chas Frodsham & Co AD2014."
Rubutun: "Derek Pratt 2004 - Chas Frodsham & Co 2014", wanda aka yi amfani da shi don sake gina Derek Pratt's H4
Bayan kawo ma'auni ma'auni kusa da girman asalin bazara, lokacin agogo ta hanyar cire kayan daga kasan ma'auni, yin ma'auni kadan don ba da damar wannan.Mai ƙidayar agogon Witschi yana da amfani sosai a wannan batun domin ana iya saita shi don auna mitar agogon bayan kowane daidaitawa.
Wannan ɗan ƙaramin abu ne, amma yana ba da hanyar daidaita ma'auni mai girma irin wannan.Yayin da nauyin ya motsa a hankali daga ƙasan ma'aunin ma'auni, mitar tana kusan kusan sau 18,000 a cikin sa'a guda, sannan aka saita mai ƙidayar lokaci zuwa 18,000 kuma ana iya karanta kuskuren agogon.
Hoton da ke sama yana nuna yanayin agogon lokacin da yake farawa daga ƙananan girman sa'an nan kuma ya daidaita da sauri zuwa girman aikinsa a daidai gwargwado.Alamar kuma tana nuna cewa remontoir yana juyawa kowane daƙiƙa 7.5.An kuma gwada agogon akan tsohuwar agogon agogon Greiner Chronographic ta amfani da alamun takarda.Wannan injin yana da aikin saita jinkirin gudu.Lokacin da abincin takarda ya sauƙaƙa sau goma, kuskuren yana ƙaruwa sau goma.Wannan saitin yana sauƙaƙa don gwada agogon na awa ɗaya ko fiye ba tare da nutsewa cikin zurfin takarda ba!
Gwaje-gwaje na dogon lokaci sun nuna wasu canje-canje na saurin gudu, kuma sun gano cewa cibiyar ta biyu tana da matukar mahimmanci, saboda yana buƙatar mai a kan babban kayan aiki, amma yana buƙatar man fetur mai sauƙi, don kada ya haifar da juriya da yawa kuma rage adadin ma'auni .Mafi ƙarancin man agogon ɗanko da za mu iya samu shine Moebius D1, wanda ke da danko na 32 centistokes a 20 ° C;wannan yana aiki da kyau.
Agogon ba shi da matsakaicin daidaitawar lokaci kamar yadda aka shigar da shi daga baya a cikin H5, don haka yana da sauƙi don yin ƙananan gyare-gyare ga allurar cycloidal don daidaita saurin gudu.An gwada fil ɗin cycloidal a wurare daban-daban, kuma ba dade ko ba dade zai taɓa ruwan bazara a lokacin numfashinsa, kuma akwai rata daban-daban a cikin fitilun shinge.
Ba ze zama wuri mai kyau ba, amma an saita shi inda adadin canji tare da amplitude yayi kadan.Canji a cikin ƙimar tare da amplitude yana nuna cewa remontoir ya zama dole don santsi bugun bugun jini.Ba kamar James Poole ba, muna tsammanin remontoir yana da matukar amfani!
Tuni dai agogon ya fara aiki a watan Janairun 2014, amma har yanzu ana buƙatar wasu gyare-gyare.Ƙarfin da ake samu na tserewa ya dogara da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa guda huɗu daban-daban a cikin agogon, dukansu dole ne a daidaita su da juna: mainspring, da wutar lantarki, da remontoir spring, da balance spring.Za a iya saita mainspring kamar yadda ake buƙata, sa'an nan kuma riƙon bazara wanda ke ba da juzu'i lokacin da agogon ya ji rauni dole ne ya isa ya sake ƙarfafa bazarar remontoir.
Girman dabaran ma'auni ya dogara da saitin ma'auni na remontoir.Ana buƙatar wasu gyare-gyare, musamman tsakanin bazarar kulawa da bazarar remontoir, don samun daidaito daidai da samun isasshen ƙarfi a cikin tserewa.Kowane daidaitawar bazarar tabbatarwa yana nufin tarwatsa duka agogon.
A watan Fabrairun 2014, agogon ya tafi Greenwich don ɗaukar hoto da ɗaukar hoto don nunin "Binciken Longitude-Ship Clock and Stars".Bidiyo na ƙarshe da aka nuna a baje kolin ya bayyana agogon da kyau kuma ya nuna kowane ɓangaren da aka haɗa.
An yi wani lokaci na gwaji da gyare-gyare kafin a kai agogon Greenwich a watan Yunin 2014. Babu lokacin gwajin zafin da ya dace kuma an gano cewa agogon ya wuce gona da iri, amma ya gudanar da bitar a cikin yanayin zafi iri ɗaya. .Lokacin da ya yi aiki ba tare da damuwa ba har tsawon kwanaki 9, yana zama cikin ƙari ko debe daƙiƙa biyu a rana.Domin samun nasarar lashe kyautar £20,000, yana buƙatar kiyaye lokaci a cikin ƙari ko debe 2.8 seconds a kowace rana yayin balaguron mako shida zuwa yammacin Indies.
Kammala Derek Pratt's H4 koyaushe ya kasance aiki mai ban sha'awa tare da ƙalubale da yawa.A Frodshams, koyaushe muna ba Derek mafi girman ƙima, ko a matsayin mai agogo ko a matsayin mai haɗin gwiwa mai daɗi.A koyaushe yana ba da karimci iliminsa da lokacinsa don taimaka wa wasu.
Sana'ar Derek tana da kyau sosai, kuma duk da ƙalubale da yawa, ya ba da lokaci mai yawa da kuzari wajen haɓaka aikin sa na H4.Muna tsammanin zai gamsu da sakamakon ƙarshe kuma yana farin cikin nuna agogon ga kowa da kowa.
An nuna agogon a cikin Greenwich daga Yuli 2014 zuwa Janairu 2015 tare da duk masu ƙidayar Harrison guda biyar da sauran ayyuka masu ban sha'awa.Nunin ya fara rangadin duniya tare da Derek's H4, daga Maris zuwa Satumba 2015 a Folger Shakespeare Library a Washington, DC;sai Mystic Seaport, Connecticut, daga Nuwamba 2015 zuwa Afrilu 2016;sannan Daga Mayu 2016 zuwa Oktoba 2016, tafiya zuwa Gidan Tarihi na Maritime na Australiya a Sydney.
Kammala Derek's H4 ƙoƙari ne na kowa da kowa a cikin Frodshams.Mun kuma sami taimako mai mahimmanci daga Anthony Randall, Jonathan Hird da sauran mutane a cikin masana'antar agogo waɗanda suka taimaka mana da Derek wajen kammala wannan aikin.Ina kuma so in gode wa Martin Dorsch don taimakonsa da daukar hoton waɗannan labaran.
Quill & Pad kuma suna son gode wa The Horological Journal don ba mu damar sake buga labaran uku na wannan jerin anan.Idan kun rasa su, kuna iya kuma son: Rayuwa da lokutan fitaccen mai yin agogo mai zaman kansa Derek Pratt (Derek Pratt) Sake Gina John Harrison (John Harrison)) H4, madaidaicin marine chronometer na farko a duniya (sashe na 1 na 3) na Derek Pratt (Derek Pratt) don sake gina John Harrison (John Harrison) don yin tiren lu'u-lu'u H4, farkon A daidaitaccen marine chronometer (banshi na 2 na 3)
hakuri.Ina neman abokina na makaranta Martin Dorsch, shi ma'aikacin agogon Jamus ne daga Regensburg.Idan kun san shi, za ku iya gaya masa bayanin lambata?Godiya!Zheng Junyu